Seed Dormancy and Causes of dormancy

Seed Dormancy:-

"It is an internal condition of viable seed which does not allow its actual germination, although suitable temperalure,moisture and aeration etc are provided."

  Causes of seed dormancy:-

●Inadequate supply or oxygen due to poor soil aeration.
● Excess of moisture in the soil.
●Lower or higher soil temperature than the requirement or the crop.
●Attack or insects pests, diseases and birds on seed or newly emerging seedlings.
●More or less depth of sowing than the optimum depth of sowing.
●Rough or poor seedbed preparation.
●Faulty seeds -seeds with poor germination, diseased seeds,damaged seeds etc.